Arsenic trifluoride

Arsenic trifluoride
IUPAC name

Arsenic(III) fluoride
Other names

Arsenic trifluoride, trifluoroarsane
Identifiers
CAS number 7784-35-2
PubChem 24571
ChemSpider 22975
RTECS number CG5775000
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula AsF3
Molar mass 131.9168 g/mol
Appearance colorless liquid
Density 2.666 g/cm3[1]
Melting point

-8.5 ˚C
Boiling point

60.4 ˚C
Solubility in water decomposes
Solubility soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene and ammonia solution
Hazards
R-phrases R23/25, R50/53
S-phrases (S1/2), S20/21, S28, S45, S60, S61
Main hazards Toxic, corrosive
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of
formation ΔfHo298		 -821.3 kJ/mol
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Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Arsenic trifluoride is a chemical compound of arsenic and fluorine with the formula AsF3. It is a colorless liquid which reacts readily with water.[2]

Preparation and properties

It can be prepared by reacting hydrogen fluoride, HF, with arsenic trioxide:[2]

6HF + As2O3 → 2AsF3 + 3H2O

It has a pyramidal molecular structure in the gas phase which is also present in the solid.[2] In the gas phase the As-F bond length is 170.6 pm and the F-As-F bond angle 96.2°.[3]
Arsenic trifluoride is used as fluorinating non-metal chlorides to fluorides, in this respect it is less reactive than SbF3.[2]
Salts containing AsF4− anion can be prepared for example CsAsF4.[4] the potassium salt KAs2F7 prepared from KF and AsF3 contains AsF4− and AsF3 molecules with evidence of interaction between the AsF3 molecule and the anion.[5]
With SbF5 the ionic adduct AsF2+ SbF6− is produced [6]

References

  1. ^ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0070494398
  2. ^ a b c d Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0080379419. 
  3. ^ Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford Science Publications ISBN 0-19-855370-6
  4. ^ New alkali metal and tetramethylammonium tetrafluoroarsenates(III), their vibrational spectra and crystal structure of cesium tetrafluoroarsenate(III)Klampfer P, Benkič P, Lesar A, Volavšek B, Ponikvar M , Jesih A., Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 2004, 69, 339-350 doi:10.1135/cccc20040339
  5. ^ Alkali-metal heptafluorodiarsenates(III): their preparation and the crystal structure of the potassium salt, Edwards A.J., Patel S.N., J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 1980, 1630-1632, doi:10.1039/DT9800001630
  6. ^ Fluoride crystal structures. Part XV. Arsenic trifluoride–antimony pentafluoride, Edwards A. J., Sills R. J. C. J. Chem. Soc. A, 1971, 942 - 945, doi:10.1039/J19710000942